The Development of Ballads Essay Example for Free

The Development of Ballads Essay Ballads have been in evidence since the seventh century and have been popular ever since. They travelled around the globe as people emigrated, picking up stories of historical significance on the way. Their main purpose is to entertain, being sung or recited, often accompanied by music. Their distinctive poetic form told appealing tales of heroism, hardship and adventure often in dramatic terms. They were also a means of spreading news, to a largely illiterate population in an easily understood narrative way. Ballads follow a distinctive recipe, elements of which can be seen in all ballads. They use quatrains, which are four line stanzas. An example of this can be seen in the ballad, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner: The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, The furrow followd free We were the first that ever burst Into that silent sea In this verse you can see a regular A B C B rhyming scheme, which means that lines two and four rhyme with a bouncy rhythm. Ballads told simple stories to entertain audiences such as in The Twa Corbies where two ravens having a conversation. The ballads would build up to a climax where the main event of the story would happen. In the ballad Sir Patrick Spens we read lines like: Drinking the blood red wine And When the sky grew dark, the wind blew loud, And angry grew the sea This automatically suggests to the reader that there is a going to be a murder as it is setting the scene for one. It was vital that the balladeer maintained the interest of his audience by using dramatic yet simple imagery. He had to paint the scene in words to engage the imagination of the audience. The symbolic use of colour is used to create atmosphere. Red often symbolises blood or royalty, for example, the ballad Sir Patrick Spens reads: Drinking the blood red wine which creates tension and a thick atmosphere. White symbolises good so black obviously symbolises evil. In Johnie Armstrong it reads Goodly steeds were all milky white this tells us that all Johnie Armstrongs men rode white horses which helps to portray him and his men as the good guys. The audience would have recognised the inference of what the colours meant. Ballads told tales with simple themes, for example Johnie Armstrong tells a Robin Hood style story of an honest outlaw who is betrayed by a treacherous Scottish king. Other themes explored in ballads capture lives of adventure and hardship. Keeping things simple was important, as most of the listeners would have been peasants living in small communities often impoverished and with little way of escaping hard lives. Hearing tales of larger than life characters at least temporally diverted them from their own circumstances. Sometimes audience participation was encouraged for example in the Twa Corbies where the narrative breaks from third person to first person: The tane unto the tither did say, Whar sall we gang and dine the day? I imagine the scenario either where two or three balladeers working together took roles within a spoken or sung ballad or where one balladeer hopped between storyteller and actor. In either the audience may have been invited to supply lines making the ballads more of a lively improvised story. This would have been great fun moving the action from performer to the audience and back again. The characters depicted were bold but shallow leaving the audience with a two dimensional representation which told of what the characters did but not of how they felt. There was little attempt to flesh out any subtleties of characterisation. Action and events moved the story line not any depth in the characters. In the beginning of the border ballad Johnie Armstrong he is described as being a bold outlaw. We are told that he came from Westmerland, on the Scottish border. He came from poverty, had neither land or rent coming in and alot about what he possessed in terms of men, horses and weapon, but not much about him as a man. The ballad of Johnie Armstrong is a good example of a border ballad. A border ballad focused on the conflict between the Scottish and the English. The ballad is clearly written from an English viewpoint, describing Johnie as proud, brave and heroic. The words faire Westmerland are the first indication that this is written from an English perspective. The band own white horses (white symbolising good) and are described as being a goodly sight for to see. On the other hand, the Scottish king is portrayed as being deceitful and double crossing tricking Johnie and his men to their deaths. Another type of ballad is the broadside ballad. These were an early form of newspaper recording local events and news told in narrative form. What distinguished them was the fact that for the first time they were fixed in print and sold at fairs for a penny, becoming the earliest written ballads. Two examples of these are Mary Cummings and Charlotte Dymand, these poem were not really in the right period but in the right style. The ballad of Mary Cummings is the story of a crime of passion. It a sensational tale of love, abandonment, revenge and violent murder eventually finishing with the hanging of an unrepented jilted bride. It depicts a tragic heroine with the themes of love and death dramatically portrayed. The language is graphic: The mother slithered to the ground, The fathers eyes went white We are given the picture of the hopeful girl in her bridal gown on a spring morning that becomes the murderess cursing the groom and his parents. The line the pain in Marys Mind gives a clue that she is becoming deranged. The images are all of things fading: The sun that glittered down, the sun slid out of sight. The audience would have been able to grasp the cruel irony that the bridal gown is to become the shroud of death. Instead of a husband she is to meet the dark lover i. e. devil; she has renounced her religion. The whole ballad evokes a sense of the eagerness for marriage being replaced by an eagerness for death. As people travelled from place to place they took the basic ballad recipe with them as well as the ballads. Ballads can be found all over the word: Sir Patrick Spens is a traditional Scottish ballad; Young Hunting is an eighteenth centaury ballad, perhaps with earlier Danish parallels and Ballad of Sixty-Five is a traditional Jamaican ballad. This proves that ballads have travelled all over the globe, appealing to worldwide audiences for many centauries. The Ballad of Sixty-Five tells a story of historical significance to many Jamaicans; a group of slaves in Jamaica march to their governors house demanding there right and are eventually hanged to make a public spectacle. It had the opposite reaction making other slaves believe that they could stand up for themselves: Paul Boyle died but his spirit talked, Anywhere in Jamaica that freedom walks. The poem has examples of patois, which is native Jamaican dialect. You can wuk like a mule but de crop still bad It also has an A A B B rhyming scheme to it and a Calypso rhythum, which shows how the basic ballad recipe can be varied as it travelled. Ballads are an ancient form of communication; they have been around for centauries keeping almost the same recipe throughout. They told tales of historical importance as well as stories just to entertain. They have been popular ever since they begun and although they are not still in there original form we can see element derived from ballads in modern day song.

Shakespeares Macbeth - Renaissance Humanism Essay -- GCSE English Lit

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While the witches present in Shakespeare’s tragedy Macbeth assume the role of supernatural beings, it was not Shakespeare’s intent to portray a classic case of fatalism. On the contrary, Shakespeare used Macbeth as a way to display the idea of Renaissance humanism. Although the witches did in fact possess uncanny powers, they were in reality not controlling Macbeth, but rather they were tempting Macbeth to act in particular ways. The witches, as well as other significant characters, may have encouraged Macbeth to act in a certain way, yet they did not by any means determine Macbeth’s actions. By comparing the humanist movement and its values to the tragedy Macbeth, it becomes blatantly obvious that Macbeth was intended to demonstrate the basic humanistic qualities. Under the premise of humanism it is required that there be a centralization and focus upon humans, a balance in which elements within reflect without, and all reason must be used to become more angelic than bestial. Although the witches’ predictions display supernatural properties, their philosophies center around the dealings of mere mortal humans. This gives humans a sense of importance in the workings of the world. Even nature is disturbed as part of fulfilling one of the philosophies (the displacing of Birnam Wood to Dunsinane). Moreover, one of the main themes of the play, the effects of evil in the life of one man- Macbeth, stresses a centralization on the individual being. Through the usage of masks in Macbeth, the balance is achieved by blocking off elements within from being focused without. This is shown in Act I, scene V, as Lady Macbeth talks to Macbeth, she gives him specific instructions: "Look like the time; bear welcome in your eye, Your han... ...he appearance of the Weird Sisters in Macbeth, as well as the encouragement of a few influential characters, Macbeth is clearly defined as a portrayal of the true spirit of Renaissance humanism. Macbeth may have attempted to place the blame away from himself, but the fact that he no longer accepted the responsibility for his actions does not mean that the responsibility is removed, and therefore Macbeth’s downfall can be traced back to the actions of one man, Macbeth.    Works Cited Page Cooper, The Mystery of Witchcraft, London, 1617. Epstein, Norrie, The Friendly Shakepeare, New York, Viking Publishing, 1993. Harbage, Alfred, Macbeth, Middlesex England, Penguin Publishing, 1956. Magill, Masterplots- Volume 6, New Jersey, Salem Press, 1949. Staunten, Howard, The Complet Illustrated Shakespeare, New York, Park Lane Publishing, 1979.   

Chipotle Mexican Grill Incorporated Essay

1. Do you think CMG is a successful company? The Chipotle mission statement: â€Å"Food with integrity is our commitment to finding the very best ingredients raised with respect for the animals, the environment and the farmers. It means serving the very best sustainable raised food possible with an eye to great taste, great nutrition and great value.† This is the context which Chipotle uses to determine their success. Chipotle has made a mission a corporate passion. Not only have they lead the food industry in sustainable food sourcing, they have expanded their philosophy to striving for LEED certification in their buildings. They pride themselves on providing the highest quality food at reasonable prices. Does moral success translate to financial success? Steve Ellis started a taco shop in Denver, CO with the intent of reinventing Mexican food. He didn’t want fast food, he wanted real food. Despite his nay-sayers stating no one would want to pay $5 for a burrito, no one wants to see an open kitchen and certainly no one will stand in line to hav e something assemble before them, by 1998 he had opened 16 restaurants and McDonald’s decided to back his endeavors. With McDonald’s investment, the company grew to 500 stores by 2005. By January 26, 2006, Chipotle made its IPO and in October 2006, McDonald’s divested for $1.5 billion dollars. Financially speaking, net cash flows remain strong and positive. Their stock prices have rebounded very well since the financial crash in 2009, where the price was $47.76 to today where it is currently $608.67. They are operating approximately 1800 restaurants including ChopHouse Southeast Asian Kitchen. In comparison to its competitors, CMG spends less in labor and building costs. Where it consistently spends more  is in food and packaging, which supports the mission of the company. The table below reflects costs as a percent of revenue: In 2014, CMG increased its food and packaging to 34.6% while decreasing its labor to 22% of revenue which is consistent with their core mission of providing quality food at a great value. 2. How does CMG compete? CMG takes a very different approach to competition and marketing and advertising: â€Å"Our marketing strategy has always been based on the belief that the best and most recognizable brands aren’t built through advertising or promotional campaigns alone, but rather through all of the ways people experience the brand. Out main method of promotion is word-of-mouth publicity.† CMG has taken conscious actions to decrease traditional marketing methods by decreasing the advertising budget from an all-time high of $7.9 million in 2009, to $5.8 million in 2011. CMG markets through print, outdoor and radio ads plus on-line advertising. Their goal is to target likeminded individuals and organizations who believe in the â€Å"Food with Integrity† mission. They also generate media coverage with their restaurant reviews about the quality of their food and their strong culture of doing the right thing in every aspect of their business. 3. How do CMG’s resources support the company’s competitive position? One area of resources is CMG’s suppliers. In 2008, CMG launched a program to increase local sourcing of its food items. This program cut down on fossil fuels used in transportation, gave local farms work and improved the taste of the food by using ingredients during their peak season. This local farm supply network provided lettuce, green peppers, jalapeno peppers, red onions and oregano. This program also resulted in 5 million pounds of produce in 2009 and 10 million pounds in 2012, which is a huge boost in the local economy for the farms used in the program. In addition to the locally-grown vegetables, CMG used ‘naturally raised’ meat, which is open-range, antibiotic free and vegetarian fed. One hundred percent of the port, 80 per cent of chicken and 50 per cent of beef used are in this classification. Additionally, all of the sour cream and chees came from cows that were not giv en the rBGH (human growth) hormones. While CMG would like to use all-organic ingredients, the cost is still too high, so they are doing what they can to continue to keep  the prices reasonable and to turn profits. CMG is one of two Mexican fast-food chains that can say they use 100% fresh ingredients. There are no microwaves, freezers, or can openers in a CMG restaurant. This is a huge advantage for target consumer groups such as the Millenials who are looking for good, healthy â€Å"fast food† options by companies who practice corporate social responsibility. CMG is providing jobs to local farms, therefore helping improve the local economy in the majority of CMG locations. CMG is responding to growing health concerns in eating habits by providing fresh, organic ingredients and cutting down on the amount of food they serve with hormones, etc. By using mostly organic ingredients, the food tastes better also. CMG also uses a vast majority of naturally raised meat which eliminates concerns of animal-rights groups. Finally, CMG is also looking into how to design and build restaurants which are more environmentally friendly and looking for systems to create more efficiency in daily operations. One way to do this is by using solar panels for energy. As of 2012, 3 of its restaurants in IL were LEED certified (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design). This helps reduce energy consumption and the overall carbon footprint. 4a. What challenges does CMG face in late 2012? From 2012 until present time CMG faces two major competitors in the Mexican Food market, Taco Bell as the fast food segment and Qdoba as the fast casual segment. Both competitors have updated their menus that tend to resemble CMG’s but at lower costs. CMG handles their business in a way that is not as easy to copy but a competitor could try to imitate a product and possibly sell it for less. With CMG’s stand on food that is raised with respect for the animal their products are more costly but have a better taste and greater nutritional value. This process has caused CMG to look into their pricing since food costs continue to rise. CMG does not want to deter customers to their competitors by raising prices too quickly. In this economy CMG is facing many challenges in the fact with the depressed economy people are looking for quick service and or fast casual restaurants over full service due to cheaper prices and saving time. CMG’s competitor Taco Bell is also pushing a higher margin with a more aggressive menu and increased advertising. There also continues to be an overall increase in  food prices that will eventually affect CMG and their margins with food products with their standards compared to their competitors. CMG has walked away from the conventional restaurant practice and spends more on food and they own their restaurants instead of franchising, and they don’t advertise like their competitors. With these ideals CMG has structured themselves to be a strong restaurant chain and continue to be a formidable competitor. 4b. How should Steve Elis and Montgomery Moran position CMG to respond to these challenges? CMG needs to continue to stay competitive by ensuring stability in input costs by engaging in forward pricing. CMG needs to watch the economy and their competitors Taco Bell and Qdoba before making any decisions on major pricing changes. They will need to continue to focus on investments and general overhead costs. Steve Elis and Montgomery Moran need to continue on the path of organic agriculture and the humane treatment of the animals they use as food. People will continue to respect and want to eat â€Å"Food with Integrity†. CMG will also need to continue to find new and innovative ways to advertise making sure they solidify their reputation and push the freshness of their product. Health conscious individuals will see CMG as a healthier fare than other Mexican style restaurants. 5. What would you recommend the company do? CMG should continue to focus on solidifying its reputation for freshness and offering a healthier menu than most competitors by continuing to use mostly organic ingredients and local farmers. They also need to continue to focus on using suppliers that support the humane treatment of animals. CMG can also continue to build the connection with millennials because generations after the millennials will likely follow suit. Furthermore, CMG can continue with moving away from non-traditional media and using more technology-based options. Finally, CMG should work on getting more restaurants LEED certified and share best practices amongst all locations on how to improve operational efficiency in order to keep costs as low as possible to offset the higher prices for organic ingredients. They need to be very intentional about not rising prices too much higher than the competition otherwise they will price themselves out of the â€Å"fast food† industry.

Industrializing Structures for Delivery Essay

The delivery of Health Care is undergoing a change that is formalizing through â€Å"Industrialization† which mirror those that began in other industries a century ago (Rastegar, 2004). The 20th century was an era of immense political shifts and technological developments. It was the revolution that paved the way for the development and flow of new technologies that shape our everyday life. The three elements that could pose problems with Industrializing Structures for delivery of healthcare policies are: Standardization of roles and tasks, Increasing division of labor and the degradation or deskilling of work (McLaughlin & McLaughlin, 2008). The development of standardized protocol driven systems in health care is being forced to break complex tasks performed by individuals down into simple tasks assigned to different members of a team to study, analyze and specify the best ways to do each of those tasks (McLaughlin & McLaughlin, 2008). The outcome was that work progressed from the control and originality of the skilled person to a systematic process that was perhaps more efficient and less personal. Managed care has become a major form of organization for care delivery. The merging of health care industry, the disintegration of physician roles and the increasing numbers of non-physician clinicians will likely accelerate in the delivery of care. The typical physician at the beginning of the 20th century was a general practitioner who treated a broad spectrum of medical problems, but as the century progressed, the work of physicians steadily splintered into narrower disciplines (Rastegar, 2004, pg.1). Specialists focused on particular diseases or organ illnesses which allowed continuity of care. Physicians should be concerned about the disruption of continuity of care and the potential loss of professional values. Other symptoms of industrialization in the health care include increase of division labor and deskilling of work. Usually management includes, line managers who allocate the work and staff specialists whose job is to specify and improve processes. Where the process is well defined and skill requirements can be reduced, labor substitution takes place – routine work is done by less expensive personnel with more limited training and less self-sufficiency and with the pressure of the numbers of patient seen (McLaughlin & McLaughlin, 2008). Medicine has traditionally been the domain of independent physicians who acquired their position and prestige through a long and arduous apprenticeship, much like the skilled craftsman of the turn of the century, but one unintended consequence of this fragmentation might be that the skill and training required to provide medical care in the 21st century will diminish. We may be entering an era in which the broadly trained physician with diverse skills will fade away, much like the traditional craftsman (Rastegar, 2004). References McLaughlin, C., & McLaughlin, C. (2008). Health Policy Analysis. Canada: Rastegar, D. (2004). Healthcare becomes an Industry. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1466626/

That cameras should be allowed in the courtroom essays

That cameras should be allowed in the courtroom essays Tradition. Precedent. Pomp and circumstance. These words come to mind when we consider the justice system. However, in many court facilities today the words "multimedia," "digital technology" and "state-of-the-art" just as easily apply. One must ask Do the words multimedia, digital technology and state-of-the-art relate to tradition, precedent, pomp, circumstance and the administration of justice. The answer ladies and gentlemen is no. We must not be fooled into the illusion of believing that cameras in the courtrooms will be beneficial to the justice system. Nor will it enable us the public to become better educated. Good evening chairperson ladies and gentlemen. As you have heard the topic for tonights debate is that we should have cameras in the courtrooms. We agree/disagree with the definition given by the opposition. Should both the moral and the practical. Cameras a device for taking photographs or motion pictures. Courtrooms a room where a law court is held. We should not have cameras in the courtrooms and we will continue to prove this to you. Tonight I will be speaking about, firstly, the use of cameras in the courtrooms as educators and how they mislead the public. Secondly, how cameras in the courtrooms are impractical. Our second speaker will continue by speaking, firstly, about the infringements cameras have on a citizens right to a fair trial and secondly, she will discuss cameras in the courtrooms in relation to entertainment purposes and the immoral form such broadcasting takes. I would now like to point out __ discrepancies in the oppositions case. My first argument tonight is that cameras in the courtrooms are not educators; they are often misleading and are the cause, not the solution, to the publics lack of confide ...

A Cat, a Dog and a Snake

There was a trio that once loved their life. Their lives are splendid. Do not get me wrong, they are not three friends, but they are actually three living animals living in a luxurious house. They can not even look at each other. But this situation will change soon. The first animal I want to introduce to you is a cat called a cat. Cats are gray British short hair with yellow eyes at sunrise. Next, there is a dog called a dog. A dog is a Dalmatian dog looking at the Hudson River. Scholarships can be divided into gin. They are said to be ameba, birds, cats, dogs, snakes, donkeys, lions, goats - at least once, buffaloes - and other humans, usually beautiful women. Extreme weather can drive them away and big dogs can. They like many hours after sunset before sunrise. If there is no unmanned construction site on the outskirts of the city, you have to go to a ridiculous place, preferably a cemetery if possible. Each djinn has a name, you need to write it on a piece of paper and burn it wi th musk, saffron and incense. To see them, you have to trust them, Shah explained. So, how do you teach the difference between Jon Snow and a dog and a cat? This is very intuitive - you take him for a walk When you see the cat, you point out it and say This is a cat. So you point out it again and say This is a dog. As time goes on, you will learn to distinguish between the two so that you keep showing a lot of dogs and cats. Classification: It is necessary to classify observations into groups. In the above figure, if you attach a point, you need to classify it as a blue dot or a red dot. There are several examples - do you anticipate whether a given email is spam or spam? Is the detected particle Higgs particle or ordinary elementary particle particle? You can also assign news articles to groups such as sports, weather, science etc. Most people live for a while when they choose to keep pets. Some people choose strange animals such as birds, snakes, and rodents. But most people choos e more common quadruped animals: cats and dogs. Dogs and cats share some common features, but they are very different animals that have different attitudes, needs and customs. Understanding these differences can help people choose between which of them is their best pet. Both cats and dogs give friends and friends to their owners, but they also strain your time and finances. Cats and dogs are charged. Regardless of the type of pet you need to take care of the shooting and the veterinarian in order to maintain the health of the animal. As with all animals, dogs and cats are bored, so you need toys to occupy them. They all need to eat. Most importantly, cats and dogs need a lot of love and attention. A Cat, a Dog and a Snake There was a trio that once loved their life. Their lives are splendid. Do not get me wrong, they are not three friends, but they are actually three living animals living in a luxurious house. They can not even look at each other. But this situation will change soon. The first animal I want to introduce to you is a cat called a cat. Cats are gray British short hair with yellow eyes at sunrise. Next, there is a dog called a dog. A dog is a Dalmatian dog looking at the Hudson River. Scholarships can be divided into gin. They are said to be ameba, birds, cats, dogs, snakes, donkeys, lions, goats - at least once, buffaloes - and other humans, usually beautiful women. Extreme weather can drive them away and big dogs can. They like many hours after sunset before sunrise. If there is no unmanned construction site on the outskirts of the city, you have to go to a ridiculous place, preferably a cemetery if possible. Each djinn has a name, you need to write it on a piece of paper and burn it wi th musk, saffron and incense. To see them, you have to trust them, Shah explained. So, how do you teach the difference between Jon Snow and a dog and a cat? This is very intuitive - you take him for a walk When you see the cat, you point out it and say This is a cat. So you point out it again and say This is a dog. As time goes on, you will learn to distinguish between the two so that you keep showing a lot of dogs and cats. Classification: It is necessary to classify observations into groups. In the above figure, if you attach a point, you need to classify it as a blue dot or a red dot. There are several examples - do you anticipate whether a given email is spam or spam? Is the detected particle Higgs particle or ordinary elementary particle particle? You can also assign news articles to groups such as sports, weather, science etc. Most people live for a while when they choose to keep pets. Some people choose strange animals such as birds, snakes, and rodents. But most people choos e more common quadruped animals: cats and dogs. Dogs and cats share some common features, but they are very different animals that have different attitudes, needs and customs. Understanding these differences can help people choose between which of them is their best pet. Both cats and dogs give friends and friends to their owners, but they also strain your time and finances. Cats and dogs are charged. Regardless of the type of pet you need to take care of the shooting and the veterinarian in order to maintain the health of the animal. As with all animals, dogs and cats are bored, so you need toys to occupy them. They all need to eat. Most importantly, cats and dogs need a lot of love and attention.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 358

Assignment Example The counselor told him that if he obeyed the institutional rules he would go to school to get his GED and this would help him a lot. The kind of world the speaker has built in the text is the prison world because he describes where new cons are taken that is diagnostic center, he also explains the routine checkup that is four times a day in his prison world. The rules of this world are the prison rules like check up four times a day, their mode of dressing. Some people in this world are treated with respect others with fear example the guy who had cooked heroin was treated with respect. Those welcome are the punks as they can pay protection example we do was attacked with a toothbrush to pay for protection hence showing he was not welcome. Continuing themes are showing the author from different times of his life example his early life before he went to prison like how he used to help his grandmother with work and was happy, the new understanding being conveyed here is unity he had with his family. The exploration of these themes helps engage in complexity of humanity example ways of survival because in the passage he says you are on your own there as no one will help you not even family. According to the writer, only the heart helps them survive in prison as there is no past or future, it’s just the moment. Humanity is all about survival. Example the author’s father tries to quit drinking that shows some humanity in him and tries it for his wife, which shows survival or saving his marriage though still Cecilia the author’s mother still abandons him out of fear of his actions when he is